Abstract: In a paper by Willems et al., it was shown that persistently exciting data can be used to represent the input-output behavior of a linear system. Based on this fundamental result, we derive ...

Physics is frequently cited as one of the most challenging sections in competitive entrance exams due to its heavy reliance on a deep understanding of fundamental concepts. To help you navigate these ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Erika Rasure is globally-recognized as a leading consumer economics subject matter expert, ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and ...

Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan’s century-old formulas for π (pi), once seen as pure curiosities of number theory are now revealing deep links to fundamental physics, potentially helping ...

Multivariable equations are recommended by primary prevention guidelines to assess absolute risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, current equations have several limitations. Therefore, we ...