Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...
For decades, a handful of Dead Sea fragments written in an unknown alphabet sat in scholarly limbo, legible in shape but mute in meaning. Now a researcher has finally cracked that hidden script, ...
A 2,000-year-old code that once looked like random scratches on parchment has finally given up its secret, turning a handful of obscure Dead Sea fragments into a new window on one of antiquity’s most ...