The hoary doctrine of “proportionality” from the “just war” theory is being sorely tested by the wars in the Middle East and Ukraine. The premise of this theory, as first expounded in the West by ...

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Smoke rising from buildings in Gaza after retaliatory Israeli air strikes on October 15, 2023. Photo by MOHAMMED SABER/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock In recent days, my ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Jill Goldenziel writes & consults on security, law, & business risk. Proportionality in war does not mean balancing number of ...

The concept, important for determining the legality of an act of war, is about weighing civilian harm against military objectives, not about achieving a balanced number of casualties. By Steven ...

I recently explained how the decision is patently narrow, applying only to age-verification mandates targeting access to sexual content that, in Justice Clarence Thomas’s words for the majority, “the ...

Recently, the Constitution Reform Commission (CRC) has made certain reform proposals to be brought to the Constitution. Two main reforms are central to the CRC's proposal relating to fundamental ...