Among the Christians of late antiquity, rowdiness was next to godliness in credal disputes. It wasn’t just scholars who confronted Arian- and other heretical “isms.” There were monks marching in the ...

We often reduce councils of the church to meetings that “said things.” What did the Second Vatican Council say? What did the Council of Trent say? Such questions are natural, given that the documents ...

Councils and the culture The Archbishop recalled that in its history, the Church has held 21 different ecumenical councils, which are important not just for the Church, but for the whole world. He ...

St. Peter presided at the Council of Jerusalem in the Acts of the Apostles, and the Catholic Church has followed that biblical model ever since. Pope Pius IX (center, seated on throne) convenes the ...